Oil-electric heater



United States Patent OIL-ELECTRIC HEATER Frank P. Tagliaferri,Baltimore, Md.

Application September 25, 1953, Serial No. 382,379

1 Claim. (Cl. 219-38) This invention relates to heating equipment fordomestic and industrial households and more particularly to a type ofradiator suitable for distributing heat through the medium of oil andelectricity.

It has among its objects to provide a new and improved type of aportable electric-oil radiator that will avoid some of the disadvantagesand limitations of the prior art.

Another object of this invention is to provide a new and improvedportable electric-oil radiator that will be simple in construction,economical to manufacture and effective in operation.

Another object of this invention is to provide a new and improvedportable convector type electric-oil radiator in which a reservoir isfilled with #710 heating oil and its temperature raised to 260 degreesF. The radiator is covered with cloth to prevent escape of the heat fromthe radiator to enable the temperature to be raised up to 350 F. At thistemperature moisture and air are driven from the reservoir which is thensealed.

Another object of this invention is to provide a new and improvedportable convector type of electric-oil heated radiator having finspositioned on its reservoir approximately 7 to the inch, filling thereservoir with #710 heating oil, raising the temperature of the oil to260 F. covering the radiator to prevent the escape of heat therefromuntil the oil reaches a temperature of 350 F. sealing the filler, andallowing the radiator to cool to prevent air pockets from forming in theoil filled reservoir.

Another object of this invention is to provide a new and improvedradiator having a reservoir filled with heating oil to prevent airpockets therein, and an electrical unit enclosed in the reservoir forheating the oil.

Other objects of the invention will become apparent as the details ofits construction and principles of its operation are more fullydisclosed.

For a clearer understanding of the invention and its objects referenceis made to the accompanying drawings. These drawings in conjunction withthe following explanation illustrate a particular type of the inventionwhile the claim emphasizes the scope thereof.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of an electric oil radiator embodying thisinvention, with a diagrammatic outline of its electrical circuitincluded;

Figure 2 is a sectional elevation on line 22 of Figure 1 with convectorfins omitted;

Figure 3 is an end elevation of Figure 1; and

Figure 4 is a detail showing a side view of a typical Convector finemployed in this embodiment.

Similar reference characters refer to the similar parts throughout thedrawings.

A radiator preferably of metal is indicated in the drawings andcomprises a tubing having an outside diameter of 1% with a wallthickness and 38 long. Pins 11 are spaced seven to the linear inch andare formed of aluminum 3 /2 X 5 inches of 20 gauge or about .035 thick.The tubing 10 is filled with oil 12 known as No. 710 heating oil andimmerses the electrical heating element 13 known as Cromolox tubulartype and in this size are of 750 watt capacity. Two of these unitsmounted in a cabinet (not shown) will adequately heat an average room of20 feet long, 20 feet wide and 20 feet high to a temperature of 70 F.when the outside temperature is zero F. For use in a smaller room 10feet long, 10 feet high, and 10 feet wide, the length of the tubing 10will be 29 inches long, the capacity of each heating element 13 will be500 watt, and there will be two of these units mounted in a cabinet (notshown) and the same size fins will also be spaced seven to the linearinch and will be of the same material as mentioned above. The ends ofthe tubing 10 are enclosed by caps 14 having orifices to allow the endsof the heating to project therethrough, and one of the caps is providedwith a filler hole 15 to allow the oil to be placed in the tubing andclosed when the proper temperature is reached.

The manner of filling the units with oil is considered important and isperformed in the following manner. First the unit is filled with the No.710 oil through an orifice 15 and heated with the element until it is260 i and held there for a short period. Then the unit is insulated bycovering with cloth or other suitable inateriai that obstructs theradiation of the heat. The temperature of the oil in the unit is raiseduntil it is 350 F. and held at that point for approximately fifteenminutes. This eXpels all air and moisture from the oil tending to reduceits effectiveness. Then the plug 15 is sealed tight, and the unitsallowed to cool otf to a normal temperature.

When the units are used normally, the elements are electricallyenergized to bring the temperature of the oil to 260 F. The elements aresuspended longitudinally and axially in the tubing and have bindingposts or connections 24 suitably insulated, connected through the plugsor caps 14 to them.

This temperature is maintained at 260 F. indefinitely, the heat beingdissipated by the fins and receiving it most efficiently through themedium of the oil to the walls or" the tubing and the fins. Thistemperature is found effective although it can vary from 250 F. to thatpoint without much change in efliciency. The pressure of the oil at thistemperature offers no hazard, as the stresses brought on to the tubingwas that raised by the tempera-- ture of 350 F. which were appreciablygreater.

An electric circuit 20 indicating diagrammatically the preferred layoutfor the system using this invention, is presented in Figure 1. Itincludes a thermostat 21 to control the temperature of the elementsindependently of the dissipation of its heat by the fins. The service tothe circuit is of conventional type and adapted for the elementsemployed. The voltage can be or 220, for normal operating conditions.The manner of attaching the fins is preferably arranged by flanges 22sweated or pressed tightly onto the peripheral surface of the tubing 10and serves as spacing for them. The fins are rectangular and placed so alarger area extends above the tubing. Brackets 23 are mountable on theend portions or plugs of the tubing to support them from the floor, andpref erably of the form indicated.

While but one general form of the invention is shown in the drawings anddescribed in the specification, it is not desired to limit thisapplication for patent to this particular form as it is appreciated thatother forms of construction could be made that would use the sameprinciples and come within the scope of the appended claim.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

The process of preparing for use a closed tubular heating unit having aheating electric coil therein consisting in filling the heating unitwith oil, heating the oil to a temperature of about 260 F.,discontinuing the heating for a short period, then covering the unitwith insulating material, resuming heating of the oil to a temperatureof about 350 F., maintaining that temperature for about fifteen minutes,discontinuing the heating, and sealing the unit.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

